When demolition is high risk construction work
Demolition of an element of a structure that is load-bearing, or otherwise related to the physical integrity of the structure, is high risk construction work under the model WHS Regulations and requires a SWMS. The requirement also applies where the work is likely to disturb asbestos or where structural alterations require temporary support to prevent collapse.
A demolition SWMS should identify the structure, the demolition method, the sequence of work, and the controls for collapse, falling material, and exposure to hazardous substances.
Structural collapse and sequencing
Uncontrolled collapse is the most serious demolition hazard. The sequence of demolition matters: removing the wrong element first can cause an unplanned collapse. The SWMS should describe the order of work and how structural stability is maintained throughout.
Engineered demolition plans may be needed for larger or more complex structures. The SWMS should reference any engineering assessment and set out how the sequence is followed and supervised on site.
Hazardous materials
Older buildings may contain hazardous materials such as asbestos, lead paint, or synthetic mineral fibres. These must be identified and controlled before demolition begins, because breaking them up can release harmful dust and fibres.
The SWMS should describe how hazardous materials are identified, removed, and disposed of, and what training and PPE are required. Asbestos removal in particular is subject to separate licensing and regulatory requirements.
Site controls and public safety
Demolition can affect people outside the work area through falling material, dust, noise, and plant movement. The SWMS should address exclusion zones, signage, dust and noise control, and the management of debris and haulage.
Where the site adjoins public areas or other occupied premises, the controls should extend to protecting those areas. The PCBU must review and adapt the SWMS for the specific structure and surroundings before it is used.